IGCSE Biology glossary
Receptor
Biology editorial review is supported by the named review panel. Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Definition
A specialised cell or group of cells that detects a stimulus (a change in the environment) and converts it into a nerve impulse. Examples include light receptors in the retina, temperature receptors in the skin and chemical receptors on the tongue.
What to include in an exam answer
Receptors detect stimuli; effectors carry out responses. This pairing is frequently tested. Be specific about what each receptor detects rather than saying it 'senses things'.
Example in context
Define the term receptor (1 mark): A cell or group of cells that detects a specific stimulus and generates a nerve impulse.
Related syllabus topic
Coordination & responseRelated terms
- Homeostasis
- Negative feedback
- Tropism
- Reflex arc
- ADH
- Insulin
- Glucagon
- Adrenaline
- Synapse
- Neurone
- Sensory neurone
- Motor neurone
- Relay neurone
- Effector
- Cornea
- Iris
- Lens
- Retina
- Optic nerve
- Accommodation
- Type 1 diabetes
- Type 2 diabetes
- Hormones
- Endocrine gland
- Auxin
- Thermoregulation
- Vasoconstriction
- Vasodilation
- Sweating