IGCSE Biology glossary
Turgid
Biology editorial review is supported by the named review panel. Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Definition
The state of a plant cell that has absorbed maximum water by osmosis so that the vacuole is swollen and the cytoplasm presses firmly against the cell wall. The cell wall prevents bursting. Turgid cells provide support for the plant.
What to include in an exam answer
A turgid cell has 'no net movement of water' at equilibrium. Use the term 'turgid' rather than 'full of water' in exam answers.
Example in context
Explain why a plant cell placed in pure water does not burst (2 marks): The cell becomes turgid as water enters by osmosis, but the inelastic cell wall prevents further expansion and stops the cell from bursting.
Related syllabus topic
Movement into & out of cells