IGCSE Biology glossary
Wilting
Biology editorial review is supported by the named review panel. Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Definition
The drooping of a plant's leaves and stems that occurs when water loss by transpiration exceeds water absorption by the roots. Cells lose turgor pressure and become flaccid, so the plant can no longer support itself.
What to include in an exam answer
Explain wilting in terms of turgor: cells lose water, become flaccid, and lose turgor pressure. The link between transpiration rate exceeding absorption rate is the key cause.
Example in context
Explain why a plant wilts on a hot dry day (3 marks): High temperature increases the rate of transpiration. Water is lost from leaves faster than it is absorbed by the roots. Cells become flaccid and lose turgor pressure, so the stem and leaves droop.
Related syllabus topic
Transport in plants