How to Revise IGCSE Biology Topic 16: Reproduction
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Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Key point
Compare sexual and asexual reproduction. Label reproductive system organs. For Extended: know the four menstrual cycle hormones and their interactions.
Topic 16 covers sexual vs asexual reproduction, the human reproductive system, the menstrual cycle (Extended: hormone control), and plant reproduction (pollination, fertilisation, seed dispersal). The menstrual cycle hormones are among the most challenging Extended content.
Priority 1: Sexual vs asexual reproduction
Sexual: two parents, gametes, fertilisation, genetically varied offspring. Asexual: one parent, mitosis only, genetically identical offspring (clones). Know advantages and disadvantages of each.
Priority 2: Human reproductive system
Know the function of each organ. Male: testes (produce sperm and testosterone), sperm duct, urethra, penis. Female: ovaries (produce eggs and hormones), oviducts (fertilisation occurs here), uterus (embryo implants and develops), cervix, vagina.
Priority 3: Menstrual cycle (Extended)
Four hormones: FSH (stimulates egg development), LH (triggers ovulation), oestrogen (repairs uterus lining, stimulates LH surge), progesterone (maintains uterus lining). Understand the negative and positive feedback loops between these hormones.
Frequently asked questions
Is the menstrual cycle Core or Extended?
The basic cycle (menstruation, ovulation, fertile period) is Core. The hormone interactions (FSH, LH, oestrogen, progesterone) are Extended.
Put the guide into practice
Questions and practical resources
Use a fresh question to check whether the idea can be applied without prompts.