IGCSE Biology glossary
Active immunity
Biology editorial review is supported by the named review panel. Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Definition
Defence against a pathogen by the production of antibodies in the body, gained after an infection or by vaccination.
What to include in an exam answer
The paying point is that the body makes its own antibodies, which is why active immunity is long-lasting (memory cells remain). Contrast this with passive immunity, where antibodies are given from outside and are short-lived. Students drop marks by forgetting memory cells, or by saying vaccination gives 'antibodies' rather than triggering the body to make them. Common in Paper 4 immunity questions.
Example in context
Explaining why a vaccine gives lasting protection: 'Vaccination produces active immunity because the body makes its own antibodies and memory cells, which respond quickly if the pathogen enters again.'
Related syllabus topic
Diseases & immunity