IGCSE Biology glossary
Mineral ion
Biology editorial review is supported by the named review panel. Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Definition
An inorganic nutrient absorbed by plant roots from the soil, essential for healthy growth. Key mineral ions include nitrate (for amino acid and protein synthesis) and magnesium (for chlorophyll synthesis).
What to include in an exam answer
Know the specific roles and deficiency symptoms: nitrate deficiency causes stunted growth and yellow leaves; magnesium deficiency causes yellow leaves (chlorosis) because chlorophyll cannot be made.
Example in context
Explain why a plant grown without magnesium ions develops yellow leaves (2 marks): Magnesium is needed to make chlorophyll. Without magnesium, the plant cannot produce enough chlorophyll, so leaves appear yellow instead of green.
Related syllabus topic
Plant nutrition