IGCSE Biology glossary
Photosynthesis
Biology editorial review is supported by the named review panel. Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Definition
The process by which plants synthesise carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water, using energy from light trapped by chlorophyll. Word equation: carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen, in the presence of light and chlorophyll.
What to include in an exam answer
The balanced symbol equation (6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂) is Extended-only and worth learning cold. Limiting factor questions (light, CO₂, temperature) are the most common 4-6 mark application.
Example in context
Stating the role of chlorophyll: 'Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen during photosynthesis.'
Related syllabus topic
Plant nutrition