IGCSE Biology glossary
Palisade mesophyll
Biology editorial review is supported by the named review panel. Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Definition
A layer of tightly packed, elongated cells near the upper surface of a leaf that are the main site of photosynthesis. These cells contain many chloroplasts and are positioned close to the upper epidermis to receive maximum light.
What to include in an exam answer
In leaf structure questions, explain why palisade cells are near the top of the leaf (closer to light) and why they have many chloroplasts (more photosynthesis). The elongated shape means many can be packed together.
Example in context
Explain two ways in which the palisade mesophyll is adapted for photosynthesis (2 marks): The cells are near the upper surface of the leaf to absorb maximum light, and they contain many chloroplasts to absorb as much light energy as possible.
Related syllabus topic
Plant nutrition