IGCSE Biology glossary
Artery
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Definition
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart, usually oxygenated (except the pulmonary artery). Arteries have thick muscular walls, a narrow lumen relative to wall thickness, and elastic tissue that stretches and recoils to maintain blood pressure between heartbeats.
What to include in an exam answer
Always state arteries carry blood AWAY from the heart. The thick wall withstands high pressure. Do not say veins have thick walls. In comparison questions, always contrast wall thickness, lumen size and presence of valves.
Example in context
State two structural features of arteries (2 marks): Arteries have thick muscular and elastic walls to withstand high blood pressure, and a relatively narrow lumen.
Related syllabus topic
Transport in animals