IGCSE Biology glossary
Cell wall
Biology editorial review is supported by the named review panel. Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Definition
A rigid outer layer made of cellulose that surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells, bacterial cells and fungal cells. It provides structural support and prevents the cell from bursting when water enters by osmosis.
What to include in an exam answer
In comparisons of plant and animal cells, always state it is made of cellulose. Do not confuse it with the cell membrane. The cell wall is freely permeable, not partially permeable.
Example in context
Explain why a plant cell does not burst in pure water (2 marks): The cellulose cell wall is inelastic and exerts pressure on the cell contents, preventing further water entry and stopping the cell from bursting.
Related syllabus topic
Organisation of the organism