IGCSE Biology glossary
Producer
Biology editorial review is supported by the named review panel. Reviewer participation may vary by guide. Checked against Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 (2026–2028); last reviewed August 2026.
Definition
An organism that makes its own organic nutrients from simple inorganic molecules, usually by photosynthesis. Producers are autotrophs and form the first trophic level of a food chain. Green plants and algae are the main producers in most ecosystems.
What to include in an exam answer
Producers are always at the START of a food chain. They convert light energy into chemical energy in organic molecules (glucose). Say 'producer' not 'plant' when referring to food chains, as algae are also producers.
Example in context
Explain why producers are essential in an ecosystem (2 marks): Producers convert light energy into chemical energy stored in organic molecules through photosynthesis. All other organisms in the food chain depend on this energy, either directly or indirectly.
Related syllabus topic
Organisms & their environment